1. The systematic method of analysis involves viewing political phenomena as complex systems consisting of interconnected elements. This approach is based on the general systems theory developed by Ludwig von Bertalanffy in the mid-20th century and applies the principles of systems thinking to the study of political processes. 2. The situational method of analysis focuses on specific circumstances, context, and unique factors that influence political decisions and events. This approach is based on the understanding that each political phenomenon occurs in a specific temporal and spatial context, which significantly affects its development and outcome. 3. Induction in political analysis is a logical method in which general conclusions or theories are drawn from observations of individual cases. In political analysis, the inductive method involves collecting empirical data and identifying patterns that can be generalized into broader principles or theories. 4. Deduction in political analysis is a logical method in which conclusions are drawn by applying general principles or theories to specific cases. In political analysis, the deductive method involves using existing theories or models to explain or predict specific political phenomena.